ramona wrote:

> Roger,
>
> This is further information that seem to show me that the average
> victim of CO$ does not have an adequate educational, especially in
> historical facts, background. While they spout about the "psychs" of
> WWII era Hitler, they fail to understand that Mengele, an
> unquestionable LEADER in brutal experimentation was NOT a Psych at all.
> They are blissfully ignorant in the lies that permeate the CO$
> teachings. Little do they realize that, "on the Jews and their lies"
> by Martin Luther sounds eerily like Kristallnacht.
>

These evil bastards twist and distort all they touch.

Reading Scientology's crap about psychlogists is like reading De Stermer for information on Jews.

I hear the same evil gruntings from creationists in other newsgroups about Nazis and Darwin. Generally spread by fools who know nothing about Darwin, Hitler, Germany or how that all came to be.

The evils of Nazism aren't even Hitler's, they are just something he latched on to. Nor are they from psychologists, but from people like the racist Arthur Gobineau whose racist writings in the mid 1800's gave Germans the idea that they were Aryans and superior to all other races such as Slavs, Poles, and other untermenschen who could barely be considered human.

Destroying lessor inconvenient races was of no more concern to the racist Nazi scum than wringing a chicken's neck or killing a pig.

Behind this was the mystical theory of the German "volk", superior culture and race from wooly minded philosophers from the early 1800's Herder and Fitche and others. Romanticized as nobel savages and warriors, the superior German myth and racist Aryan myth plus typical anti-Semitism gave us the Holocaust, not psychs.

Beginning in the mid 1800's the volk mythos degenerated into the myth of the cruel warrior German, implacable, unsentimental, callous and superior, leading to the Franco-Prussian war and WWI directly. Most people nowadays know little about this episode of militarism and idolization of ancient German military barbarism. Purposefully fanned by German and Prussian militarists to prod Germans to warlike spirit, resulting in German unification and purposeful war with France in the bargain. Later it lead to world war I.

Psychs didn't do this, military yahooism and nationalistic jingoism and nobel savage volk mythology did this.

Decades before Hitler, racist German writers were thumping the racist drum and demanding death to the Jews and enslavement on Slav and other untermenschen slave races.

To listen to Stupid Miller the clam tell it, Hitler was just standing there innocent like and was corrupted by the psychs and this man Hitler alone lead the world to ruin.

Stupid Miller knows zip about anything. Much less Germany, Hitler or the long history behind Germany's slide into militarism and war and racism.

Propaganda relying on ignorance on par of Stu's readers.

But then, maybe 1 out of 500 people know anything about German history, most people don't even no American history.

..........

http://academics.tjhsst.edu/psych/oldPsych/ch1/history.htm

History of Modern Psychology

The Beginnings of Scientific Psychology

Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) is generally honored as the founder of scientific psychology. Wundt wrote his first book on psychology, dealing with sensory perceptions, in 1862. It was based largely on his training as a physiologists and would be characteristic of much of his work. In 1879, Wundt founded the first research laboratory in psychology at the University of Leipzig.

The initial goal of psychology was to understand the nature of human consciousness. To understand this, Wundt used the method of introspection, in which a person experiences something and then describes the personal nature of the experience. This technique can be used quite rigorously when stimulus presentation are controlled, so that introspective accounts can be compared across many experiences. Researchers were to report their experiences in terms of specific sensations and feelings, which were then developed into the basic building blocks of the conscious mind. The main goal of Wundt's psychology was to first discover these building blocks, and then discover how they combined to form the more complex elements of mental processes.

The research in Wundt's lab consisted of studies in the fields of sensation and perception: investigating color vision and the passage of time, as well as research into other mental processes such as emotion. One famous study in Wundt's lab was in the field of reaction time. Wundt hypothesized that by measuring the difference between the speed of a simple mental event and a complex mental event, it was possible to calculate the amount of time mental processing required.

Other psychology laboratories soon emerged, including that of Herman Ebbinghaus (1850-1909), whose memory studies are still being referenced. These laboratories challenged many of Wundt's views on psychology, such as his insistence that consciousness could be broken into elemental parts and his reliance on introspection. One German branch of psychology that was opposed to Wundt's ideas was Gestalt psychology which originated with Max Wertheimer (1880-1943), Kurt Koffka (1886-1941), and Wolfgang Köhler (1887-1967). They argured with the atomistic approach to human consciousness, and instead claimed that "the whole is different from the sum of its parts." For instance, a picture with all of the color information inverted is still recognizable as having the same pattern, even though the elements comprising the picture are completely different in the two versions. Gestalt psychology made substantial contributions to the areas of perception and learning before many in the field moved from Germany to the United States during the mid-1930s. Even though Gestalt psychology never became part of the mainstream, it had a great influence on the beginnings of American psychology. Much of the modern work with Gestalt theories are now associated with the cognitive approach.

The Start of American Psychology

One of the representatives of Wundt's psychology that came to America was the British student E. B. Titchener (1867-1927). Titchener's psychology, which became known as structuralism, closely follows the atomistic portion of Wundt's psychology by studying the elemental structures of consciousness. However, instead of explaining them by hypothetical mental processes as Wundt had, Titchener focused on research that was purely descriptive. His books on experimental psychology (Titchener, 1901-1905) became very influential in the training of the first generation of American psychologists.

Other groups in America entirely broke away from the teachings of Wundt. Many of these groups used ideas developed by Charles Darwin (1809-1882) to formulate theories to explain variations between members of a species. Darwin's theory of evolution that linked humans with the rest of the animal kingdom began the idea of comparative psychology, and the idea of interpolating human behavior from the study of animals. Another important contribution by Darwin to the emerging American psychology was that of natural selection. Specifically, how the implication of the selection of characteristics that were most valuable to the organism could be used to examine the adaptive significance of consciousness.

Functionalism Under the influences of Darwin, many American psychologists began examining consciousness to understand how it helps the organism function, rather than its structures. One American psychologist who believed in the adaptive significance of consciousness was William James (1842-1910). James believed that mental processes had evolved in a similar manner to other traits, and his interest was in understanding the role consciousness played in helping an organism adapt to its environment. James's emphasis on understanding the functions of consciousness led to the founding of a new system of psychology known as functionalism, which is mainly an American system of psychology. Most of James's ideas were examined in The Principles of Psychology (1890), which is one of the most important works in the history of psychology. History of Modern Psychology

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"A dead religion is like a dead cat -- the stiffer and more rotten it is, the better it is as a missile weapon." - H.G. Wells

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